Aging & Senescence
NAD+ supplementation extends lifespan in multiple model organisms by activating sirtuin-mediated longevity pathways and improving mitochondrial function.
Covarrubias et al. 2021≥99% Purity
NAD+
Cellular Energy Studies
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About this compound
NAD+ is a coenzyme at the heart of energy and cellular repair. It's one of the most studied molecules in longevity — powering the mitochondria and activating sirtuins, the body's repair-and-anti-aging proteins.
Pyridine dinucleotide coenzyme
- Formula
- C₂₁H₂₇N₇O₁₄P₂
- Molecular weight
- 663.43 g/mol
- Form
- Lyophilized powder
- CAS / ID
- 53-84-9
0+
Enzymatic Reactions
Critical cellular coenzyme
0%
Decline by Age 50
NAD+ levels drop with aging
0
Sirtuin Enzymes
NAD+-dependent longevity regulators
0
Research Areas
Aging & Senescence · Energy Metabolism · DNA Repair & more
How It Works
How NAD+ works
The pathways NAD+ acts on — and what each one does. The animation traces its signal outward from the compound to every target it engages.
Signalling pathways studied in preclinical models · illustrative
Mitochondrial Function
Energy
NAD+ is essential for mitochondrial electron transport chain function, directly participating in the conversion of nutrients to cellular energy (ATP). Declining NAD+ levels impair mitochondrial efficiency.
- Required for oxidative phosphorylation
- Electron carrier in metabolic reactions
- Supports 500+ enzymatic processes
Sirtuin Activation
Longevity
NAD+ is the obligate co-substrate for all 7 sirtuin enzymes (SIRT1-7), which regulate aging, inflammation, stress resistance, and metabolic homeostasis. Without NAD+, sirtuins cannot function.
- Activates all 7 sirtuin enzymes
- Regulates aging and stress response
- Modulates inflammatory pathways
PARP & Genomic Stability
DNA Repair
PARP enzymes consume NAD+ to repair DNA damage. As NAD+ declines with age, DNA repair capacity decreases, accelerating cellular senescence and genomic instability.
- Fuels PARP-mediated DNA repair
- Maintains genomic stability
- Counters age-related DNA damage
Uses & Applications
What NAD+ is researched for
The main areas NAD+ is being studied for — and the study-reported figures behind them.
Energy Metabolism
Declining NAD+ induces a pseudohypoxic state disrupting nuclear-mitochondrial communication. Restoring NAD+ reverses age-related metabolic decline in animal models.
Gomes et al. 2013DNA Repair
NAD+ fuels PARP enzymes responsible for single-strand DNA break repair. Depletion leads to accumulated DNA damage and accelerated cellular aging.
Rajman et al. 2018UPR Activation
The NAD+/sirtuin pathway modulates longevity through activation of the mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt), a key stress defense mechanism.
Mouchiroud et al. 2013Molecular Structure
The NAD+ molecule
An interactive 3D model rendered from the compound record — rotate and explore its structure.
C₂₁H₂₇N₇O₁₄P₂
Third-Party Verified
Independently tested. Verifiably pure.
Every batch of NAD+ is sent to an accredited independent laboratory before it ships. Here is what we screen for.
- HPLC Purity AnalysisConfirms the peptide is ≥99% pure
- Mass SpectrometryVerifies the exact molecular identity
- Heavy Metals ScreeningLead, arsenic, cadmium & mercury — Pass
- Endotoxins (LAL)Bacterial endotoxin levels — Pass
- Sterility TestingNo microbial contamination — Pass
- Net Peptide ContentActual peptide mass per vial verified
Certificate of Analysis · Freedom DiagnosticPASS
- HPLC Purity
- ≥99%
- Identity
- Mass-spec confirmed
- Endotoxin (LAL)
- Pass
- Net content
- Verified
Compound Information
Full specification
| Full Name | Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide |
| Molecular Weight | 663.43 Da |
| Molecular Formula | C₂₁H₂₇N₇O₁₄P₂ |
| Form | Lyophilized powder |
| Purity | ≥99% (HPLC verified) |
| Testing | Third-party HPLC, Mass Spec, Endotoxin |
| Storage (Lyophilized) | -20°C for long-term stability |
| Storage (Reconstituted) | 2–8°C, use within 14 days |
| Solubility | Water-soluble |
| COA | Included with every order |
FAQ
Common questions about NAD+
NAD+ (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide) is an essential coenzyme found in every living cell. It participates in over 500 enzymatic reactions and is critical for energy metabolism, DNA repair, and cellular signaling. NAD+ levels naturally decline with age, which researchers believe contributes to age-related metabolic dysfunction.
NAD+ levels decline approximately 50% by age 50. This decline impairs mitochondrial function, reduces sirtuin enzyme activity, and compromises DNA repair capacity. Research in animal models shows that restoring NAD+ levels can reverse some markers of age-related decline.
Sirtuins (SIRT1-7) are a family of enzymes that regulate aging, metabolism, inflammation, and stress resistance. They are completely dependent on NAD+ as a co-substrate — without sufficient NAD+, sirtuins cannot function, and their protective effects are lost.
NAD+ is the active coenzyme itself. NMN (Nicotinamide Mononucleotide) and NR (Nicotinamide Riboside) are precursors that cells convert into NAD+. Direct NAD+ supplementation bypasses the conversion steps, while NMN and NR rely on cellular enzymes to produce NAD+.
Lyophilized NAD+ should be stored at -20°C for long-term stability. After reconstitution, refrigerate at 2-8°C and use within 14 days. NAD+ is sensitive to heat and light — always protect reconstituted solutions from direct light.
Published Literature
Cited Sources
Peer-reviewed literature
Independent published research indexed from PubMed and peer-reviewed journals — not Eon Peptides claims.
[1]
PubMed
[2]NAD+ metabolism and its roles in cellular processes during ageing
View source PubMed
[3]NAD+ intermediates: The biology and therapeutic potential
View source PubMed
[4]Declining NAD+ induces a pseudohypoxic state disrupting mitochondrial function
View source PubMed
The NAD+/sirtuin pathway modulates longevity through mitochondrial UPR activation
View source For Research Use Only.
Not for human or veterinary use. For in-vitro laboratory research only. These statements have not been evaluated by the FDA; this product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. Sold exclusively to qualified researchers and institutions.